[00:57.57]11
[01:00.65]M: The biological project is now in trouble, you know,
[01:05.09]my colleague and I have completely different ideas about how to proceed.
[01:09.81]W:Why don't you compromise? Try to make it a win-win situation for you both.
[01:16.20]Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
[01:35.27]12
[01:38.42]M: How does Nancy like the new dress she bought in Rome?
[01:42.36]W: She said she would never have bought an Italian style dress if she had known Mary had already got such a dress.
[01:49.47]Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
[02:09.07]13
[02:11.80]M: You are not going to do all those dishes before we leave, are you?
[02:16.71]If we don' tpick up George and Martha in 25 minutes we will never get to the theater on time.
[02:22.82]W: Oh, didn't I tell you, Martha called to say her daughter was ill and they couldnot go tonight.
[02:29.64]Q: What is the women probably going to do first?
[02:49.85]14
[02:51.89]M :You've been hanging on to the phone for quite a while, who were you talking with?
[02:57.28]W:Oh, it was Sally, you know, she always has the latest news in town
[03:02.93]and can't wait to talk it over with me.
[03:05.68]Q: What do we learn about Sally from the conversation?
[03:25.81]15
[03:28.12]W: It has always been hard to get this car into first gear,
[03:32.55]and now the clutch seems to be slipping.
[03:35.38]M: If you leave the car with me, I will fix it for you this afternoon.
[03:40.62]Q: Who is the woman probably speaking to?
[04:00.45]16
[04:03.06]M: Kate, why does the downtown area look deserted now?
[04:08.48]W: We1l, there used to be some really good stores, but lots of them moved out to the mall.
[04:15.41]Q: What do we lear from the conversation?
[04:33.35]17
[04:36.08]W :I found the lounge such a cozy place to study in.
[04:40.44]I really like the feeling in sitting on the sofa and doing the reading.
[04:45.20]M: Well, for me the hardest part about studying here is staying awake.
[04:50.79]Q: What does the man mean?
[05:08.85]18
[05:11.40]W: These mosquitoes bite are killing me. I can't help scratching.
[05:16.65]M: Next time you go camping, take some precaution, say wearing long sleeves.
[05:22.29]Q: Why does the man suggest the woman wear long sleeves?
[05:46.50]Conversation One
[05:49.80]M: Hello, and welcome to our program, "Working Abroad".
[05:54.50]0ur guest this evening is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy.
[05:59.81]Her name 's Susan Hi1l. Susan, welcome to the program.
[06:04.24]You live in Florence, how long have you been living there?
[06:08.71]W: Since 1982. But when I went there in 1982, I planned to stay for only 6 months.
[06:17.82]M: Why did you change your mind?
[06:19.78]W: Well, I'm a designer, I design leather goods, mainly shoes, and handbags.
[06:25.66]Soon after I arrived in Florence, I got a job with one of Italy's top fashion houses,Ferregamo.
[06:33.17]So, I decided to stay.
[06:35.68]M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferregamo?
[06:39.42]W: No, I've been a freelance designer for quite a long time now. Since 1988, in fact.
[06:46.61]M: So does that mean you design for several different companies now?
[06:50.77]W: Yes, that's right. I've designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies,
[06:56.66]and during last four years, I've also been designing for the British company, Burberry's.
[07:02.44]M: What have you been designing for them?
[07:04.82]W: Mostly handbags, and small leather goods.
[07:08.07]M: Has the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982?
[07:12.80]W: Oh, yes. It's become a lot more competitive.
[07:16.89]Because of quality of products from other countries has improved a lot.
[07:21.47]But it's high quality and design is still world-famous.
[07:25.81]M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?
[07:29.35]W: No, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting.
[07:33.51]I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian life style.
[07:38.08]M: Well, thank ycu for talking to us, Susan.
[07:40.88]W: It was a pleasure.
[07:43.44]Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you've just heard:
[07:50.25]19. Where does this talk most probably take place?
[08:12.96]20. What was the woman's original plan when she went to Florence?
[08:35.73]21. What has the woman been doing for a living since 1988?
[08:59.72]22 What do we learn about the change in Italy's fashion industry?
[09:21.13]Conversation 2
[09:24.65]M: So, Claire, you're into drama!
[09:28.47]W: Yes, I have a master's degree in drama and theatre.
[09:32.79]At the moment, I'm hoping to get onto a Ph.D program.
[09:36.75]M: What excites you about drama?
[09:39.31]W: Well, I find it's a communicative way to study people and you learn how to read people in drama.
[09:46.36]So usually I can understand what people are saying even though they might be lying.
[09:52.11]M: That would be useful.
[09:53.49]W: Yeah, it's very useful for me as well.
[09:56.71]I'm in English lecture, so use a lot of drama in my classes such as role plays.
[10:02.88]And I ask my students to create mini-dramas.They really respond well.
[10:09.11]At the moment, I' m hoping to get onto a Ph.D course.
[10:13.49]I'd like to concentrate on Asian drama and try to bring Asian theatre to the world's attention.
[10:20.12]I don' t know how successful I would be, but, here's hoping.
[10:24.20]M: Oh, I' msure you' l1 be successful. Now, Claire, what do you do for stage fright?
[10:30.77]W: Ah, stage fright! Well, many actors have that problem.
[10:35.40]I get stage fright everytime I'm going to teach a new class.
[10:39.89]The night before, I usually can't sleep.
[10:43.15]M: What? For teaching?
[10:44.71]W: Yes. I get really bad stage fright.
[10:47.97]But the minute I step into the classroom or get onto the stage, it just all falls into place.
[10:54.82]Then I just feel like: Yeah, this is what I mean to do. And I'm fine.
[11:00.64]M: Wow, that's cool!
[11:03.94]Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you've just heard:
[11:11.26]23. Why does the woman find study in drama and theatre useful?
[11:34.71]24. How did the woman's students respond to her way of teaching English?
[11:58.09]25. What does the Woman say about her stage fright?
[12:20.20]Section B
[12:53.02]Passage
[12:55.74]In January 1989,
[12:58.51]the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily,
[13:10.02]and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020.
[13:14.62]If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe.
[13:21.74]Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today.
[13:27.21]Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris.
[13:31.84]The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane.
[13:40.63]When the network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line:
[13:47.32]totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour,
[13:54.80]upgraded lines which allow fcr speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour,
[14:02.67]and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight.
[14:08.69]If businesspeople can choose between a three-hour train journey fromcity-center to city-center and a one-hour flight,
[14:18.52]they 'll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant.
[14:22.66]They won' t go by plane any more.
[14:26.22]If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you'll find almost no difference.
[14:34.93]And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes,
[14:41.65]then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.
[14:46.07]Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981,
[14:57.35]the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds.
[15:01.09]On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains.
[15:08.87]If people accept the Community of European Railways'plan, the 21 century will be the new age of the train.
[15:19.99]Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you've just heard:
[15:27.13]26. What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?
[15:51.50]27. What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?
[16:14.78]28. Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?
[16:40.27]29. When did France introduce the first high speed train service?
[17:04.54]Passage 2
[17:06.47]Western doctors are beginning to understand what traditional healers have always known
[17:11.66]that the body and the mind are inseparable.
[17:15.50]Until recently, modern urban physicians heal the body, psychiatrist the mind, and priests the soul.
[17:24.10]However, the medical world is now paying more attention to holistic medicine
[17:30.58]which is an approachbased on the belief that people state of mind can make them sick or speed their recovery from sickness.
[17:38.97]Several study show that the effectiveness of a certain drugof ten depends on the patient's expectations of it.
[17:47.55]For example, in one recent study,
[17:51.22]psychiatrist and a major hospital tried to see how patients could be made calm.
[17:57.91]They divided them into two groups.
[18:00.90]One group was given a drug while the other group received a harmless substance instead of medicine without their knowledge.
[18:09.14]Surprisingly, more patients in the second group showed the desired effect than those in the first group.
[18:17.59]In study after study, there's a positive reaction in almost one-third of the patients taking harmless substances.
[18:27.28]How was this possible? How can such a substance have an effect on the body?
[18:34.30]Evidence from a 1997 study at the University of California shows that
[18:40.36]several patients who received such substances were able to produce their own natural drug,
[18:48.35]that is, as they took the substancetheir brains released natural chemicals that act like a drug.
[18:56.26]Scientists theorizedthat the amount of these chemicals released by a person's brain quite possibly
[19:04.27]indicates how much faith the person has in his or her doctor.
[19:10.63]Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you've just heard:
[19:16.43]30. According to the speaker, what are western doctors beginning to understand?
[19:41.27]31. What does the recent study at a major hospital seem to prove?
[20:05.54]32. What evidence does the 1997 study at the University of California produce?
[20:30.39]Passage 3
[20:33.63]So we've already talked a bit about the growth of extreme sports like rock-climbing.
[20:39.68]As psychologists, we need to ask ourselves: Why is this person doing this?
[20:46.43]Why do people take these risks and put themselves in danger when they don't have to?
[20:52.13]One common trait among risk-takers is that they enjoy strong feelings or sensations.
[20:59.93]We call this trait sensation-seeking.
[21:02.98]A sensation-seeker is someone who's always looking for new sensations.
[21:09.45]What else do we know about sensation-
[21:12.80]Well, as I said, sensation-seekers like strong emotions.
[21:18.46]You can see this trait in many partsof a person's life, not just in extreme sports.
[21:24.37]For example, many sensation-seekers enjoy hard rock music.
[21:30.25]They like the loud sound and strong emotion of the songs.
[21:34.20]Similarly, sensation-seekers enjoy frightening horror movies.
[21:38.64]They like the feeling of being scared and horrified while watching the movie.
[21:44.47]This feeling is even stronger for extreme sports where the person faces real danger.
[21:50.98]Sensation-seekersfeel the danger is very exciting.
[21:55.11]In addition, sensation-seekers like new experiences that force them to push their personal limits.
[22:02.98]For them, repeating the same things everyday is boring.
[22:07.46]Many sensation-seekers choose jobs that involve risk,
[22:12.56]such as starting a new business or being an emergency room doctor.
[22:17.41]These jobs are different everyday, so they never know what will happen.
[22:22.57]That's why many sensation-seekers also like extreme sports.
[22:29.09]When you do rock-climbing, you never know what will happen.
[22:32.48]The activity is always new and different.
[22:37.17]Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you 've just heard:
[22:43.21]33. According to the speaker, what is a common trait among risk-takers?
[23:07.16]34. What do sensation-seekers find boring?
[23:29.15]35. What is the speaker's profession?
[24:40.59]If you are like most people, you 've indulged in fake listening many times.
[24:47.25]You go to history class, sit in the 3rd row, and look squarely at the instructor as she speaks.
[24:54.40]But your mind is far away, floating in the clouds of pleasant daydreams.
[25:00.23]Occasionally you come back to earth.
[25:03.11]The instructor writes an important term on the chalkboard, and you dutifully copy it in your notebook.
[25:09.82]Every once in a while the instructor makes a witty remark, causing others in the class to laugh.
[25:17.35]You smile politely, pretending that you've heard the remark and found it mildly humorous.
[25:23.45]You have a vague sense of guilt that you aren't paying close attention.
[25:28.77]But you tell yourself that any material you miss can be picked up from a friend's notes.
[25:34.59]Besides, the instructor's talking about road construction in acient Rome,and nothing could be more boring.
[25:43.50]So back you go into your private little world, only later do you realize you've missed important information for a test.
[25:52.52]Fake listening may be easily exposed,
[25:56.59]since many speakers are sensitive to facial cues and can tell if you' re merely pretending to listen.
[26:02.98]Your blank expression, and the faraway look in your eyes are the cues that betray you inattentiveness.
[26:10.77]Even if you are not exposed there's another reason to avoid fakery.
[26:16.93]It's easy for this behavior to become a habit.
[26:20.88]For some people, the habit is so deeply rooted that they automatically start daydreaming
[26:27.66]when a speaker begins talking on some thing complex or uninteresting.
[26:32.66]As a result, they miss lots of valuable information.
[26:40.76](read again)
[26:42.89]If you are like most people, you've indulged in fake listening many times.
[26:48.97]You go to history class, sit in the 3rd row, and look squarely at the instructor as she speaks.
[26:56.60]But your mind is far away, floating in the clouds of pleasant daydreams.
[27:02.06]Occasionally you come back to earth.
[27:04.61]The instructor writes an important term on the chalkboard, and you dutifully copy it in your notebook.
[27:10.96]Every once in a while the instructor makes a witty remark, causing others in the class to laugh.
[27:17.82]You smile politely, pretending that you've heard the remark and found it mildly humorous.
[27:23.90]You have a vague sense of guilt that you aren't paying close attention.
[27:28.85]But you tell yourself that any material you miss can be picked up from a friend's notes.
[27:35.04]Besides, the instructor's talking about road construction in acient Rome,and nothing could be more boring.
[28:49.78]So back you go into your private little world, only later do you realize you' ve missed important information for a test.
[28:59.29]Fake listening may be easily exposed,
[29:03.25]since many speakers are sensitive to facial cues and can tell if you' re merely pretending to listen.
[29:10.38]Your blank expression, and the faraway look in your eyes are the cues that betray you inattentiveness.
[30:25.16]Even if you are not exposed there's another reason to avoid fakery.
[30:29.90]It's easy for this behavior to become a habit.
[30:33.66]For some people, the habit is so deeply rooted that they automatically start daydreaming
[30:40.52]when a speaker begins talking on some thing complex or uninteresting.
[31:58.64]As a result, they miss lots of valuable information.
[32:04.30](read third time)
[32:09.17]If you are like most people, you've indulged in fake listening many times.
[32:14.47]You go to history class, sit in the 3rd row, and look squarely at the instructor as she speaks.
[32:21.88]But your mind is far away, floating in the clouds of pleasant daydreams.
[32:27.68]Occasionally you come back to earth.
[32:30.91]The instructor writes an important term on the chalkboard, and you dutifully copy it in your notebook.
[32:37.35]Every once in a while the instructor makes a witty remark, causing others in the class to laugh.
[32:44.43]You smile politely, pretending that you've heard the remark and found it mildly humorous.
[32:50.75]You have a vague sense of guilt that you aren't paying close attention.
[32:56.06]But you tell yourself that any material you miss can be picked up from a friend's notes.
[33:01.54]Besides, the instructor's talking about road construction in acient Rome,and nothing could be more boring.
[33:10.60]So back you go into your private little world, only later do you realize you've missed important information for a test.
[33:19.95]Fake listening may be easily exposed,
[33:23.76]since many speakers are sensitive to facial cues and can tell if you're merely pretending to listen.
[33:29.99]Your blank expression, and the faraway look in your eyes are the cues that betray you inattentiveness.
[33:37.87]Even if you are not exposed there's another reason to avoid fakery.
[33:44.11]It's easy for this behavior to become a habit.
[33:47.88]For some people, the habit is so deeply rooted that they automatically start daydreaming
[33:55.26]when a speaker begins talking on some thing complex or uninteresting.
[34:00.28]As a result, they miss lots of valuable information.