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For the last 82years, Sweden' s Nobel Academy has decided who will receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, thereby determining who will be elevated from the great and the near great to the immortal. But today the Academy is coming under heavy criticism both from the without and from within. Critics contend that the selection of the winners often has less to do with true writing ability than with the peculiar internal politics of the Academy and of Sweden itself. According to Ingmar Bjorksten , the cultural editor for one of the country' s two major newspapers, the prize continues to represent " what people call a very Swedish exercise: reflecting Swedish tastes." The Academy has defended itself against such charges of provincialism in its selection by asserting that its physical distance from the great literary capitals of the world actually serves to protect the Academy from outside influences. This may well be true, but critics respond that this very distance may also be responsible for the Academy' s inability to perceive accurately authentic trends in the literary world. Regardless of concerns over the selection process, however, it seems that the prize will continue to survive both as an indicator of the literature that we most highly praise, and as an elusive goal that writers seek. If for no other reason, the prize will continue to be desirable for the financial rewards that accompany it not only is the cash prize itself considerable, but it also dramatically increases sales of an author' s books. |
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guò qù de 82 nián lǐ, ruì diǎn de nuò bèi ěr wěi yuán huì jué dìng le shuí jiāng huò dé nuò bèi ěr wén xué jiǎng, yīn cǐ yě jiù jué dìng le shuí jiāng cóng wěi dà huò jìn hū wěi dà róng shēng wèi bù xiǔ. dàn zài jīn tiān, gāi wěi yuán huì què zāo dào le píng xuǎn wěi yuán huì nèi wài de měng liè pī píng. pī píng zhě men zhēng lùn shuō:" píng xuǎn huò jiǎng zhě shí, qǐ zuò yòng gèng dà de bú shì zhēn shí de xiě zuò néng lì, ér shì gāi wěi yuán huì yǐ jí ruì diǎn tè yǒu de nèi bù zhèng zhì. àn zhào ruì diǎn liǎng jiā zhǔ yào bào zhǐ zhī yī de wén huà bǎn biān jí Ingmar Bjorksten de shuō fǎ, gāi wén xué jiǎng réng rán shì" rén men suǒ shuō de yī zhǒng fēi cháng ruì diǎn shì de zuò wéi: fǎn yìng ruì diǎn kǒu wèi". duì yú qí píng xuǎn guò chéng zhōng mù guāng duǎn qiǎn de zhǐ zé, gāi wěi yuán huì biàn hù shuō, gāi wěi yuán huì yǔ shì jiè jǐ dà wén xué zhī dōu xiāng jù yáo yuǎn, shí jì shang shǐ gāi wěi yuán huì miǎn shòu wài lái de gān rǎo. zhè yě xǔ shì duì de, dàn pī píng zhě men fǎn bó shuō, yě zhèng yīn wèi xiāng jù rú cǐ yáo yuǎn, gāi wěi yuán huì cái bù néng zhǔn què dì bǎ wò wén xué jiè dí zhēn zhèng qū shì. jǐn guǎn duì píng xuǎn chéng xù cún zài zhe guān zhù, gāi wén xué jiǎng jiāng jì xù zuò wéi shì rén zuì wéi tuī chóng de wén xué de biāo zhì ér cún zài, bìng jiāng jì xù shì zuò jiā men nán yǐ dá dào què yòu huì bù duàn zhuī zhú de mù biāo. rú guǒ bù kǎo lǜ qí tā yīn sù, ér jǐn jǐn kǎo lǜ yǔ zhī jù lái de jīng jì lì yì, gāi jiǎng yě jiāng jì xù wéi rén suǒ kě qiú: zhè bù jǐn yīn wèi gāi jiǎng běn shēn jiù shì yī bǐ kě guān de xiàn jīn shōu rù, ér qiě gāi jiǎng hái jiāng jí dà dì zēng jiā yí gè zuò jiā de zhù zuò de xiāo liàng. |