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It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important. Education is much more openended and allinclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one' s entire life. Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling. |
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měi guó rén tōng cháng rèn wéi shàng xué shì wèi le shòu jiào yù. rán ér xiàn zài què yǒu rén rèn wéi hái zi men shàng xué dǎ duàn le tā men shòu jiào yù de guò chéng. zhè zhǒng yán lùn zhōng suǒ àn shì de shàng xué hé shòu jiào yù zhī jiān de qū bié fēi cháng zhòng yào. yǔ shàng xué xiāng bǐ, jiào yù gèng kāi fàng, gèng guǎng fàn. jiào yù méi yǒu rèn hé xiàn zhì. tā kě yǐ zài rèn hé chǎng hé xià jìn xíng, bù lùn shì zài lín yù shí hái shì zài gōng zuò shí, bù lùn shì zài chú fáng lǐ hái shì zài tuō lā jī shàng. tā jì bāo kuò zài xué xiào suǒ shòu de zhèng guī jiào yù, yě bāo kuò yī qiè fēi zhèng guī jiào yù. chuán shòu zhī shi de rén kě yǐ shì dé gāo wàng zhòng de lǎo zhě, yě kě yǐ shì shōu yīn jī lǐ jìn xíng zhèng zhì biàn lùn de rén men, kě yǐ shì xiǎo hái zi, yě kě yǐ shì zhù míng de kē xué jiā. jiàn yú shàng xué yǒu yí dìng de yù jiàn xìng, jiào yù què wǎng wǎng néng dài lái yì wài de fā xiàn. yǔ mò shēng rén de yī cì ǒu rán tán huà kě néng huì shǐ rén rèn shi dào zì jǐ duì qí tā zōng jiào qí shí suǒ zhī shén shǎo. rén men cóng yòu shí qǐ jiù kāi shǐ shòu jiào yù. yīn cǐ, jiào yù shì yí gè fēi cháng kuān fàn ér nèi hán fēng fù de cí. tā shì yí gè zhōng shēng de guò chéng, zài shàng xué zhī qián jiù kāi shǐ le, bìng qiě yīng chéng wéi rén yī shēng zhōng bù kě huò quē de yī bù fen. xiāng fǎn, shàng xué què shì yí gè tè dìng dí què dìng de guò chéng, zài bù tóng huán jìng xià tā de jī běn xíng shì dà tóng xiǎo yì. zài quán guó gè dì, hái zi men jī hū zài tóng yī shí jiān dào xiào, zuò zài zhǐ dìng zuò wèi shàng, yóu yī wèi chéng nián rén jiǎng shòu kè chéng, yòng xiāng sì de jiào cái, zuò zuò yè, kǎo shì děng děng. tā men suǒ xué de xiàn shí shēng huó zhōng de yī xiē piàn duàn, wú lùn shì zì mǔ biǎo hái shì duì zhèng fǔ yùn zuò de lǐ jiě, wǎng wǎng shòu dào kē mù fàn wéi de xiàn zhì. lì rú, gāo zhōng shēng men zhī dào, zài kè táng shàng tā men méi fǎ nòng qīng chǔ tā men shè qū lǐ zhèng zhì wèn tí dí zhēn xiāng, yě bú huì liǎo jiě dào zuì xīn cháo de diàn yǐng zhì piàn rén zài zuò něi xiē cháng shì. shàng xué zhè yī què dìng de guò chéng shì yǒu tè dìng de xiàn zhì de. |