| Although Henry Ford's name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today's standards. Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, compared with the ten-or twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three shifts. In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts. The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to discourage the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced – in effect creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and demonstrate good personal habits, including sobriety, thriftiness, industriousness, and dependability. Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America. | |
| 尽管亨利 ·福特的名字和大生产的概念相连，但他在劳工保护上得到同样的赞誉，因为他早在 1913 年便实行了用今天的标准来衡量依然是先进的标准。 安全措施得到改进，日工作时间从当时普遍的 10 或 12 小时减少到8 小时。 为了适应更短的日工作时间，整个工厂从双班变成了三班。而且，病假和改善了的工伤医疗得以制度化。 福特汽车公司是最早建立技术学校来培训专门技工和为移民开设英语学校的工厂之一。 公司甚至为雇佣残疾人和有前科的人而作出了一些努力。最受广泛称赞的革新是实行五美元一天的最低工资。 其目的是招收和留住那些最好的技工并阻碍工会的发展。 福特从效率和利润分享的角度来解释这项新的工资政策。 他也提到这样一个事实，他的员工可以买他们生产的汽车--这实际上是为其产品另开辟了一个市场。 为了够资格得到最低工资，员工必须建立一个得体的家庭并显示出良好的个人习惯，包括节制、俭省、勤勉和可靠。 虽然有人批评福特过多地干涉了员工的私人生活，但毫无疑问，在移民们被用恶劣的方式剥削的时代，亨利 ·福特却帮助了许多人在美国扎下根来。 |
| Although Henry Ford' s name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today' s standards. Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, compared with the tenor twelvehour day common at the time. In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three shifts. In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts. The most widely acclaimed innovation was the fivedollaraday minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to discourage the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced in effect creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and demonstrate good personal habits, including sobriety, thriftiness, industriousness, and dependability. Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America. | |
| jin guan heng li fu te de ming zi he da sheng chan de gai nian xiang lian, dan ta zai lao gong bao hu shang de dao tong yang de zan yu, yin wei ta zao zai 1913 nian bian shi xing le yong jin tian de biao zhun lai heng liang yi ran shi xian jin de biao zhun. an quan cuo shi de dao gai jin, ri gong zuo shi jian cong dang shi pu bian de 10 huo 12 xiao shi jian shao dao 8 xiao shi. wei le shi ying geng duan de ri gong zuo shi jian, zheng ge gong chang cong shuang ban bian cheng le san ban. er qie, bing jia he gai shan le de gong shang yi liao de yi zhi du hua. fu te qi che gong si shi zui zao jian li ji shu xue xiao lai pei xun zhuan men ji gong he wei yi min kai she ying yu xue xiao de gong chang zhi yi. gong si shen zhi wei gu yong can ji ren he you qian ke de ren er zuo chu le yi xie nu li. zui shou guang fan cheng zan de ge xin shi shi xing wu mei yuan yi tian de zui di gong zi. qi mu di shi zhao shou he liu zhu nei xie zui hao de ji gong bing zu ai gong hui de fa zhan. fu te cong xiao lv he li run fen xiang de jiao du lai jie shi zhe xiang xin de gong zi zheng ce. ta ye ti dao zhe yang yi ge shi shi, ta de yuan gong ke yi mai ta men sheng chan de qi che zhe shi ji shang shi wei qi chan pin ling kai pi le yi ge shi chang. wei le gou zi ge de dao zui di gong zi, yuan gong bi xu jian li yi ge de ti de jia ting bing xian shi chu liang hao de ge ren xi guan, bao kuo jie zhi jian sheng qin mian he ke kao. sui ran you ren pi ping fu te guo duo di gan she le yuan gong de si ren sheng huo, dan hao wu yi wen, zai yi min men bei yong e lie de fang shi bo xue de shi dai, heng li fu te que bang zhu le xu duo ren zai mei guo zha xia gen lai. |
| Although Henry Ford' s name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today' s standards. Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, compared with the tenor twelvehour day common at the time. In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three shifts. In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts. The most widely acclaimed innovation was the fivedollaraday minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to discourage the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced in effect creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and demonstrate good personal habits, including sobriety, thriftiness, industriousness, and dependability. Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America. | |
| jǐn guǎn hēng lì fú tè de míng zì hé dà shēng chǎn de gài niàn xiāng lián, dàn tā zài láo gōng bǎo hù shàng dé dào tóng yàng de zàn yù, yīn wèi tā zǎo zài 1913 nián biàn shí xíng le yòng jīn tiān de biāo zhǔn lái héng liáng yī rán shì xiān jìn de biāo zhǔn. ān quán cuò shī dé dào gǎi jìn, rì gōng zuò shí jiān cóng dāng shí pǔ biàn de 10 huò 12 xiǎo shí jiǎn shǎo dào 8 xiǎo shí. wèi le shì yìng gèng duǎn de rì gōng zuò shí jiān, zhěng gè gōng chǎng cóng shuāng bān biàn chéng le sān bān. ér qiě, bìng jià hé gǎi shàn le de gōng shāng yī liáo dé yǐ zhì dù huà. fú tè qì chē gōng sī shì zuì zǎo jiàn lì jì shù xué xiào lái péi xùn zhuān mén jì gōng hé wèi yí mín kāi shè yīng yǔ xué xiào de gōng chǎng zhī yī. gōng sī shèn zhì wèi gù yōng cán jí rén hé yǒu qián kē de rén ér zuò chū le yī xiē nǔ lì. zuì shòu guǎng fàn chēng zàn de gé xīn shì shí xíng wǔ měi yuán yì tiān de zuì dī gōng zī. qí mù dì shì zhāo shōu hé liú zhù nèi xiē zuì hǎo de jì gōng bìng zǔ ài gōng huì de fā zhǎn. fú tè cóng xiào lǜ hé lì rùn fēn xiǎng de jiǎo dù lái jiě shì zhè xiàng xīn de gōng zī zhèng cè. tā yě tí dào zhè yàng yí gè shì shí, tā de yuán gōng kě yǐ mǎi tā men shēng chǎn de qì chē zhè shí jì shang shì wèi qí chǎn pǐn lìng kāi pì le yí gè shì chǎng. wèi le gòu zī gé dé dào zuì dī gōng zī, yuán gōng bì xū jiàn lì yí gè dé tǐ de jiā tíng bìng xiǎn shì chū liáng hǎo de gè rén xí guàn, bāo kuò jié zhì jiǎn shěng qín miǎn hé kě kào. suī rán yǒu rén pī píng fú tè guò duō dì gān shè le yuán gōng de sī rén shēng huó, dàn háo wú yí wèn, zài yí mín men bèi yòng è liè de fāng shì bō xuē de shí dài, hēng lì fú tè què bāng zhù le xǔ duō rén zài měi guó zhā xià gēn lái. |
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