| In the late 1960's, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities. Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120, 000 kilowatts-enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day. Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain)through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city's sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year-as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut , which has a population of more than 109, 000. | |
| 60年代后期，许多北美人把注意力转向了环境问题，那些崭新的玻璃钢摩天大楼受到了广泛的批评。 生态学家指出，城市中密集的高层建筑经常给公共交通与停车场的承载能力造成过重的负担。摩天大楼还是电能的过度消费者与浪费者。 最近的某一年，纽约市摩天写字楼1，700万英尺办公面积的增加使电能的最高日需求量提高了120，000千瓦。 这些电能足以供纽约的整个奥尔巴尼市使用一天。玻璃表面的摩天大楼特别地浪费。 通过半英寸的平板玻璃墙壁损失(或增加)的热量是典型的加入绝缘板的石墙所允许的热量损失(或增加)的十倍以上。 为了减轻取暖设备或空调设备的压力，摩天大楼的建造者们已经开始使用双面上釉的玻璃镶板和涂上了金色或银色反光薄膜的反光玻璃，来减少强光照射和热量的增 加；但是，镜面的摩天大楼会提高周围空气的温度并会对附近的建筑物产生影响。摩天大楼也对城市的卫生设施造成了沉重的压力。 单单纽约市的二个世界贸易中心大楼如果完全被占满的话，每年就会产生2，250，000加仑的污水。 这相当于康涅狄格州的斯坦福市这样大的城市一年所产生的污水量，而康州的斯坦福市拥有109，000人口。 |
| In the late 1960' s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steelandglass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities. Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120, 000 kilowattsenough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day. Glasswalled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss or gain through a wall of halfinch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and airconditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use doubleglazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirrorwalled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city' s sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2. 25 million gallons of raw sewage each yearas much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut , which has a population of more than 109, 000. | |
| 60 nian dai hou qi, xu duo bei mei ren ba zhu yi li zhuan xiang le huan jing wen ti, nei xie zhan xin de bo li gang mo tian da lou shou dao le guang fan de pi ping. sheng tai xue jia zhi chu, cheng shi zhong mi ji de gao ceng jian zhu jing chang gei gong gong jiao tong yu ting che chang de cheng zai neng li zao cheng guo zhong de fu dan. mo tian da lou hai shi dian neng de guo du xiao fei zhe yu lang fei zhe. zui jin de mou yi nian, niu yue shi mo tian xie zi lou 1, 700 wan ying chi ban gong mian ji de zeng jia shi dian neng de zui gao ri xu qiu liang ti gao le 120, 000 qian wa. zhei xie dian neng zu yi gong niu yue de zheng ge ao er ba ni shi shi yong yi tian. bo li biao mian di mo tian da lou te bie di lang fei. tong guo ban ying cun de ping ban bo li qiang bi sun shi huo zeng jia de re liang shi dian xing de jia ru jue yuan ban de shi qiang suo yun xu de re liang sun shi huo zeng jia de shi bei yi shang. wei le jian qing qu nuan she bei huo kong tiao she bei de ya li, mo tian da lou de jian zao zhe men yi jing kai shi shi yong shuang mian shang you de bo li xiang ban he tu shang le jin se huo yin se fan guang bao mo de fan guang bo li, lai jian shao qiang guang zhao she he re liang de zeng jia dan shi, jing mian di mo tian da lou hui ti gao zhou wei kong qi de wen du bing hui dui fu jin de jian zhu wu chan sheng ying xiang. mo tian da lou ye dui cheng shi de wei sheng she shi zao cheng le chen zhong de ya li. dan dan niu yue shi de er ge shi jie mao yi zhong xin da lou ru guo wan quan bei zhan man de hua, mei nian jiu hui chan sheng 2, 250, 000 jia lun de wu shui. zhe xiang dang yu kang nie di ge zhou de si tan fu shi zhe yang da de cheng shi yi nian suo chan sheng de wu shui liang, er kang zhou de si tan fu shi yong you 109, 000 ren kou. |
| In the late 1960' s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steelandglass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities. Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120, 000 kilowattsenough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day. Glasswalled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss or gain through a wall of halfinch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and airconditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use doubleglazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirrorwalled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings. Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city' s sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2. 25 million gallons of raw sewage each yearas much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut , which has a population of more than 109, 000. | |
| 60 nián dài hòu qī, xǔ duō běi měi rén bǎ zhù yì lì zhuǎn xiàng le huán jìng wèn tí, nèi xiē zhǎn xīn de bō lí gāng mó tiān dà lóu shòu dào le guǎng fàn de pī píng. shēng tài xué jiā zhǐ chū, chéng shì zhōng mì jí de gāo céng jiàn zhù jīng cháng gěi gōng gòng jiāo tōng yǔ tíng chē chǎng de chéng zài néng lì zào chéng guò zhòng de fù dān. mó tiān dà lóu hái shì diàn néng de guò dù xiāo fèi zhě yǔ làng fèi zhě. zuì jìn de mǒu yī nián, niǔ yuē shì mó tiān xiě zì lóu 1, 700 wàn yīng chǐ bàn gōng miàn jī de zēng jiā shǐ diàn néng de zuì gāo rì xū qiú liàng tí gāo le 120, 000 qiān wǎ. zhèi xiē diàn néng zú yǐ gōng niǔ yuē de zhěng gè ào ěr bā ní shì shǐ yòng yì tiān. bō lí biǎo miàn dí mó tiān dà lóu tè bié dì làng fèi. tōng guò bàn yīng cùn de píng bǎn bō lí qiáng bì sǔn shī huò zēng jiā de rè liàng shì diǎn xíng de jiā rù jué yuán bǎn de shí qiáng suǒ yǔn xǔ de rè liàng sǔn shī huò zēng jiā de shí bèi yǐ shàng. wèi le jiǎn qīng qǔ nuǎn shè bèi huò kōng tiáo shè bèi de yā lì, mó tiān dà lóu de jiàn zào zhě men yǐ jīng kāi shǐ shǐ yòng shuāng miàn shàng yòu de bō lí xiāng bǎn hé tú shàng le jīn sè huò yín sè fǎn guāng báo mó de fǎn guāng bō lí, lái jiǎn shǎo qiáng guāng zhào shè hé rè liàng de zēng jiā dàn shì, jìng miàn dí mó tiān dà lóu huì tí gāo zhōu wéi kōng qì de wēn dù bìng huì duì fù jìn de jiàn zhù wù chǎn shēng yǐng xiǎng. mó tiān dà lóu yě duì chéng shì de wèi shēng shè shī zào chéng le chén zhòng de yā lì. dān dān niǔ yuē shì de èr gè shì jiè mào yì zhōng xīn dà lóu rú guǒ wán quán bèi zhàn mǎn de huà, měi nián jiù huì chǎn shēng 2, 250, 000 jiā lún de wū shuǐ. zhè xiāng dāng yú kāng niè dí gé zhōu de sī tǎn fú shì zhè yàng dà de chéng shì yī nián suǒ chǎn shēng de wū shuǐ liàng, ér kāng zhōu de sī tǎn fú shì yōng yǒu 109, 000 rén kǒu. |
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