|
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm two entirely different movements. Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner' s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear. This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority. Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century. |
|
huà jiā jiāng yǐ wán chéng de zuò pǐn guà zài qiáng shàng, měi ge rén dōu kě yǐ guān shǎng dào. zuò qǔ jiā xiě wán le yī bù zuò pǐn, dé yóu yǎn zòu zhě jiāng qí yǎn zòu chū lái, qí tā rén cái néng dé yǐ xīn shǎng. yīn wèi zuò qǔ jiā shì rú cǐ wán quán dì yī lài yú zhí yè gē shǒu hé zhí yè yǎn zòu zhě, suǒ yǐ zhí yè gē shǒu hé zhí yè yǎn zòu zhě jiān shàng de dàn zi kě wèi bù qīng. yī míng xué yīn yuè de xué shēng yào xiǎng chéng wéi yī míng yǎn zòu zhě, xū yào jīng shòu cháng qī de yán gé de xùn liàn, jiù xiàng yī míng yī kē de xué shēng yào chéng wéi yī míng yī shēng yí yàng. jué dà duō shù de xùn liàn shì jì qiǎo xìng de. yīn yuè jiā men kòng zhì jī ròu de shú liàn chéng dù, bì xū dá dào yǔ yùn dòng yuán huò bā lěi wǔ yǎn yuán xiāng dāng de shuǐ píng. gē shǒu men měi tiān dū liàn xí diào sǎng zi, yīn wèi rú guǒ bù néng yǒu xiào dì kòng zhì jī ròu de huà, tā men de shēng dài jiāng bù néng mǎn zú yǎn chàng de yāo qiú. xián yuè qì de yǎn zòu zhě liàn xí de zé shì zài zuǒ shǒu de shǒu zhǐ shàng xià huá dòng de tóng shí, yòng yòu shǒu qián hòu lā dòng qín gōng liǎng gè jié rán bù tóng de dòng zuò. gē shǒu hé yuè qì yǎn zòu zhě bì xū shǐ suǒ yǒu de yīn fú wán quán xiāng tóng xié tiáo. gāng qín jiā men zé bù yòng cāo zhè fèn xīn, yīn wèi měi gè yīn fú dōu yǐ zài nà li děng dài zhe tā men le. gěi gāng qín tiáo yīn shì tiáo yīn shī de zhí zé. dàn tiáo yīn shī men yě yǒu tā men de nán chǔ: tā men bì xū nài xīn dì tiáo lǐ qiāo jī qín xián de yīn chuí, bù néng ràng yīn chuí fā chū de shēng yīn xiàng shì dǎ jī yuè qì, ér qiě měi gè jiāo dié de yīn dōu bì xū yào qīng xī. rú hé dé dào yuè zhāng qīng xī de wén lǐ shì xué shēng zhǐ huī men suǒ miàn lín de nán tí: tā men bì xū xué huì liǎo jiě yīn yuè zhōng de měi yí gè yīn jí qí fā yīn zhī dào. tā men hái bì xū zhì lì yú yǐ rè chén ér yòu kè guān de quán wēi qù kòng zhì zhèi xiē yīn fú. chú fēi shì hé yīn yuè fāng miàn dí zhī shí hé wù xìng jié hé qǐ lái, dān chún de jì qiǎo méi yǒu rèn hé yòng chǔ. yì shù jiā zhī suǒ yǐ wěi dà zài yú tā men duì yīn yuè yǔ yán jià qīng jiù shú, yǐ zhì yú kě yǐ mǎn huái xǐ yuè dì yǎn chū xiě yú rèn hé shí dài de zuò pǐn. |