| What was Damasus's impact on the church? Damasus understood and saw the power radiating from the holy ashes and the holy relics, and therefore he wanted to put the stamp of the Church on these tombs of the martyrs. Damasus had created a ring of holy sites around the city. But Christianity faced a stiffer challenge in the centre of Rome. Culturally, Romans were still attached to the rhythms and festivals of the pagan calendar, which promised feasting and fun. Christianity had to compete on a social level, too. By a mixture of accident and design, the Christian calendar began to overlap with the pagan. St Peter's birthday coincided with the Caristia, a pagan festival of banqueting and gift-giving. By the end of the fourth century, Romans could have two parties, one pagan, one Christian, on 14 days of the year. Some Christians even continued to participate in the shameless immodesty of the Lupercalia fertility festival, running half naked through the streets while whipping girls with strips of goat hide. | |
| 达马萨斯教皇对教会有哪些影响？他看清了圣灰和圣骸具有的辐射力，于是他想将教会的印记打在殉教者的坟墓之上。达马萨斯教皇还绕罗马城建了一圈圣址。但是基督教在罗马城中心遭受到了一个更严峻的挑战。在文化上，罗马人仍然是遵循异教徒制订的历法来过节气和节日，这种历法宣扬寻欢作乐。基督教也需要在社会层面与之竞争。既是偶然也是必然，基督教的历法开始和异教徒的重合了。圣彼得的生日和异教徒的宴会馈赠节——卡利斯蒂亚节在同一天。到了公元四世纪末，罗马人有了2个派对，一个是异教徒的，一个则是基督徒的，一年能有14天。有一些基督徒甚至会继续参加有伤风化的牧神节，人们一边半裸着跑过街道，一边抽打着穿着山羊皮条的女孩。 |
| What was Damasus' s impact on the church? Damasus understood and saw the power radiating from the holy ashes and the holy relics, and therefore he wanted to put the stamp of the Church on these tombs of the martyrs. Damasus had created a ring of holy sites around the city. But Christianity faced a stiffer challenge in the centre of Rome. Culturally, Romans were still attached to the rhythms and festivals of the pagan calendar, which promised feasting and fun. Christianity had to compete on a social level, too. By a mixture of accident and design, the Christian calendar began to overlap with the pagan. St Peter' s birthday coincided with the Caristia, a pagan festival of banqueting and giftgiving. By the end of the fourth century, Romans could have two parties, one pagan, one Christian, on 14 days of the year. Some Christians even continued to participate in the shameless immodesty of the Lupercalia fertility festival, running half naked through the streets while whipping girls with strips of goat hide. | |
| da ma sa si jiao huang dui jiao hui you nei xie ying xiang? ta kan qing le sheng hui he sheng hai ju you de fu she li, yu shi ta xiang jiang jiao hui de yin ji da zai xun jiao zhe de fen mu zhi shang. da ma sa si jiao huang hai rao luo ma cheng jian le yi quan sheng zhi. dan shi ji du jiao zai luo ma cheng zhong xin zao shou dao le yi ge geng yan jun de tiao zhan. zai wen hua shang, luo ma ren reng ran shi zun xun yi jiao tu zhi ding de li fa lai guo jie qi he jie ri, zhe zhong li fa xuan yang xun huan zuo yue. ji du jiao ye xu yao zai she hui ceng mian yu zhi jing zheng. ji shi ou ran ye shi bi ran, ji du jiao de li fa kai shi he yi jiao tu de chong he le. sheng bi de de sheng ri he yi jiao tu de yan hui kui zeng jie ka li si di ya jie zai tong yi tian. dao le gong yuan si shi ji mo, luo ma ren you le 2 ge pai dui, yi ge shi yi jiao tu de, yi ge ze shi ji du tu de, yi nian neng you 14 tian. you yi xie ji du tu shen zhi hui ji xu can jia you shang feng hua de mu shen jie, ren men yi bian ban luo zhe pao guo jie dao, yi bian chou da zhe chuan zhe shan yang pi tiao de nv hai. |
| What was Damasus' s impact on the church? Damasus understood and saw the power radiating from the holy ashes and the holy relics, and therefore he wanted to put the stamp of the Church on these tombs of the martyrs. Damasus had created a ring of holy sites around the city. But Christianity faced a stiffer challenge in the centre of Rome. Culturally, Romans were still attached to the rhythms and festivals of the pagan calendar, which promised feasting and fun. Christianity had to compete on a social level, too. By a mixture of accident and design, the Christian calendar began to overlap with the pagan. St Peter' s birthday coincided with the Caristia, a pagan festival of banqueting and giftgiving. By the end of the fourth century, Romans could have two parties, one pagan, one Christian, on 14 days of the year. Some Christians even continued to participate in the shameless immodesty of the Lupercalia fertility festival, running half naked through the streets while whipping girls with strips of goat hide. | |
| dá mǎ sà sī jiào huáng duì jiào huì yǒu něi xiē yǐng xiǎng? tā kàn qīng le shèng huī hé shèng hái jù yǒu de fú shè lì, yú shì tā xiǎng jiāng jiào huì de yìn jì dǎ zài xùn jiào zhě de fén mù zhī shàng. dá mǎ sà sī jiào huáng hái rào luó mǎ chéng jiàn le yī quān shèng zhǐ. dàn shì jī dū jiào zài luó mǎ chéng zhōng xīn zāo shòu dào le yí gè gèng yán jùn de tiǎo zhàn. zài wén huà shàng, luó mǎ rén réng rán shì zūn xún yì jiào tú zhì dìng de lì fǎ lái guò jié qì hé jié rì, zhè zhǒng lì fǎ xuān yáng xún huān zuò yuè. jī dū jiào yě xū yào zài shè huì céng miàn yǔ zhī jìng zhēng. jì shì ǒu rán yě shì bì rán, jī dū jiào de lì fǎ kāi shǐ hé yì jiào tú de chóng hé le. shèng bǐ dé de shēng rì hé yì jiào tú de yàn huì kuì zèng jié kǎ lì sī dì yà jié zài tóng yì tiān. dào le gōng yuán sì shì jì mò, luó mǎ rén yǒu le 2 gè pài duì, yí gè shì yì jiào tú de, yí gè zé shì jī dū tú de, yī nián néng yǒu 14 tiān. yǒu yī xiē jī dū tú shèn zhì huì jì xù cān jiā yǒu shāng fēng huà de mù shén jié, rén men yī biān bàn luǒ zhe pǎo guò jiē dào, yī biān chōu dǎ zhe chuān zhe shān yáng pí tiáo de nǚ hái. |
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