| 歌曲 | 美国黑人英语(2/6) |
| 歌手 | 英语听力 |
| 专辑 | 专八minilecture |
| Firstly, let's go to the origin of Black English. As we known in the 16th century,a lot of African black slaves were traded from Africa to Virginia in America. But the history of Black English and its genetic affiliation,by which we mean what language varieties it is related to,are also a matter of controversy. Some scholars contend that the Black English developed out of the contact between speakers of West African languages and speakers of local English varieties. According to such a view,West Africans learnt English on plantations in the southern Coastal States, Georgia,South Carolina,etc, from a very small number of native speakers. But someone argued that it is an error to suppose that Black English is spoken by all African Americans regardless of their background. In fact,the English spoken by African Americans is highly as varied as the English spoken by any other racial or ethnic group. Sometimes Black English is used to refer to other varieties of English spoken by Black people outside of the United States, as in the Caribbean and the United Kingdom. Some suggest that this led to the development of a rudimentary dislect,which was later expanded through a process of cerolization. It was the slave trade that created Creole languages,which became the basis for many forms of Black English across the globe. | |
| 首先，我们要先看黑人英语的起源。 正如我们知道在16世纪，很多非洲黑人奴隶从非洲被卖到弗吉尼亚州在但是黑人英语的历史和它的种族所属，或者说是它与何种语言变体相关，是一件倍受争议的事情。 有些学者认为黑人英语是由于西非语言和当地英语变体的使用者的接触而发展起来的，根据这样的观点，西非人是在南方沿海州（佐治亚州，南卡罗来纳州）种植园里跟一小部分当地的母语使用者学习的英语。 但如果认为所有的美国黑人不管其背景如何都使用黑人英语这也是错误的。事实上，黑人使用的英语和其他民族和种族的人使用的英语也有很大差别。有时候，黑人英语是指由在美国以外的黑人所说的英语变体，比如加勒比海和大不列颠联合王国。 有人认为这也导致了一种初期的方言发展，后来经过 克里奥尔化（欧洲语与殖民地语的混合化）逐渐扩大发展。奴隶贸易使得克里奥尔语得意发展，并成为全世界很多种黑人英语的基础。 |
| Firstly, let' s go to the origin of Black English. As we known in the 16th century, a lot of African black slaves were traded from Africa to Virginia in America. But the history of Black English and its genetic affiliation, by which we mean what language varieties it is related to, are also a matter of controversy. Some scholars contend that the Black English developed out of the contact between speakers of West African languages and speakers of local English varieties. According to such a view, West Africans learnt English on plantations in the southern Coastal States, Georgia, South Carolina, etc, from a very small number of native speakers. But someone argued that it is an error to suppose that Black English is spoken by all African Americans regardless of their background. In fact, the English spoken by African Americans is highly as varied as the English spoken by any other racial or ethnic group. Sometimes Black English is used to refer to other varieties of English spoken by Black people outside of the United States, as in the Caribbean and the United Kingdom. Some suggest that this led to the development of a rudimentary dislect, which was later expanded through a process of cerolization. It was the slave trade that created Creole languages, which became the basis for many forms of Black English across the globe. | |
| shǒu xiān, wǒ men yào xiān kàn hēi rén yīng yǔ de qǐ yuán. zhèng rú wǒ men zhī dào zài 16 shì jì, hěn duō fēi zhōu hēi rén nú lì cóng fēi zhōu bèi mài dào fú jí ní yà zhōu zài dàn shì hēi rén yīng yǔ de lì shǐ hé tā de zhǒng zú suǒ shǔ, huò zhě shuō shì tā yǔ hé zhǒng yǔ yán biàn tǐ xiāng guān, shì yī jiàn bèi shòu zhēng yì de shì qíng. yǒu xiē xué zhě rèn wéi hēi rén yīng yǔ shì yóu yú xī fēi yǔ yán hé dāng dì yīng yǔ biàn tǐ de shǐ yòng zhě de jiē chù ér fā zhǎn qǐ lái de, gēn jù zhè yàng de guān diǎn, xī fēi rén shì zài nán fāng yán hǎi zhōu zuǒ zhì yà zhōu, nán kǎ luó lái nà zhōu zhòng zhí yuán lǐ gēn yī xiǎo bù fèn dāng dì de mǔ yǔ shǐ yòng zhě xué xí de yīng yǔ. dàn rú guǒ rèn wéi suǒ yǒu de měi guó hēi rén bù guǎn qí bèi jǐng rú hé dōu shǐ yòng hēi rén yīng yǔ zhè yě shì cuò wù de. shì shí shàng, hēi rén shǐ yòng de yīng yǔ hé qí tā mín zú hé zhǒng zú de rén shǐ yòng de yīng yǔ yě yǒu hěn dà chā bié. yǒu shí hou, hēi rén yīng yǔ shì zhǐ yóu zài měi guó yǐ wài de hēi rén suǒ shuō de yīng yǔ biàn tǐ, bǐ rú jiā lè bǐ hǎi hé dà bù liè diān lián hé wáng guó. yǒu rén rèn wéi zhè yě dǎo zhì le yī zhǒng chū qī de fāng yán fā zhǎn, hòu lái jīng guò kè lǐ ào ěr huà ōu zhōu yǔ yǔ zhí mín dì yǔ de hùn hé huà zhú jiàn kuò dà fā zhǎn. nú lì mào yì shǐ de kè lǐ ào ěr yǔ dé yì fā zhǎn, bìng chéng wéi quán shì jiè hěn duō zhǒng hēi rén yīng yǔ de jī chǔ. |