Lesson 41 Training elephants

歌曲 Lesson 41 Training elephants
歌手 英语听力
专辑 新概念英语(第四册)

歌词

[00:01.49] Lesson 41
[00:03.58] Training elephants
[00:12.00] At what point does the training of a captive wild elephant begin?
[00:19.28] Two main techniques have been used for training elephants, which we may call respectively the tough and the gentle.
[00:27.71] The former method simply consists of setting an elephant to work and beating him until he does what is expected of him.
[00:36.50] Apart from any moral considerations this is a stupid method of training,
[00:42.02] for it produces a resentful animal who at a later stage may well turn man-killer.
[00:48.76] The gentle method requires more patience in the early stages,
[00:53.04] but produce a cheerful good-tempered elephant who will give many years of loyal service.
[01:00.62] The first essential in elephant training is to assign to the animal a single mahout who will be entirely responsible for the job.
[01:11.01] Elephants like to have one master just as dogs do, and are capable of a considerable degree of personal affection.
[01:20.32] There are even stories of half-trained elephant calves who have refused to feed and pined to death
[01:27.05] when by some unavoidable circumstance they have been deprived of their own trainer.
[01:33.30] Such extreme cases must probably be taken with a grain of salt,
[01:38.17] but they do underline the general principle that the relationship between elephant and mahout is the key to successful training.
[01:48.26] The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between 15 and 20 years,
[01:54.97] for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its keep straight away.
[02:02.26] But animals of this age do not easily become subservient to man, and a very firm hand must be employed in the early stages.
[02:12.14] The captive elephant, still roped to a tree,
[02:15.57] plunges and screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably refuse all food through anger and fear.
[02:26.03] Sometimes a tame elephant is tethered nearby to give the wild one confidence,
[02:32.06] and in most cases the captive gradually quietens down and begins to accept its food.
[02:39.34] The next stage is to get the elephant to the training establishment,
[02:44.06] a ticklish business which is achieved with the aid of two tame elephants roped to the captive on either side.
[02:52.18] When several elephants are being trained at one time,
[02:55.54] it is customary for the new arrival to be placed between the stalls of two captives whose training is already well advanced.
[03:04.40] It is then left completely undisturbed with plenty of food and water
[03:08.66] so that it can absorb the atmosphere of its new home and see that nothing particularly alarming is happening to its companions.
[03:17.58] When it is eating normally, its own training begins.
[03:21.87] The trainer stands in front of the elephant holding a long stick with a sharp metal point.
[03:27.68] Two assistants, mounted on tame elephants, control the captive from either side,
[03:33.62] while others rub their hands over his skin to the accompaniment of a monotonous and soothing chant.
[03:41.04] This is supposed to induce pleasurable sensations in the elephant,
[03:45.24] and its effects are reinforced by the use of endearing epithets,
[03:49.76] such as 'ho! my son', or 'ho! my father', or 'my mother', according to the age and sex of the captive.
[03:59.73] The elephant is not immediately susceptible to such blandishments, however, and usually lashes fiercely with its trunk in all directions.
[04:09.00] These movements are controlled by the trainer with the metal-pointed stick,
[04:13.78] and the trunk eventually becomes so sore that the elephant curls it up and seldom afterwards uses it for offensive purposes.

歌词大意

[00:01.49] dì 41 kè
[00:03.58] xùn liàn dà xiàng
[00:12.00] bǔ huò de yě shēng dà xiàng de xùn liàn cóng shén me shí hòu kāi shǐ?
[00:19.28] xùn xiàng yǒu liǎng zhǒng zhǔ yào de fāng fǎ, wǒ men fēn bié chēng zhī wéi qiáng yìng fǎ hé wēn róu fǎ.
[00:27.71] qiáng yìng fǎ jiù shì qū shǐ dà xiàng qù gàn huó, bǎ tā dǎ dào shùn cóng wéi zhǐ.
[00:36.50] qiě bù shuō dào yì wèn tí, zhè běn shēn jiù shì yī zhǒng yú chǔn de xùn liàn fāng fǎ,
[00:42.02] yīn wèi zhè zhǒng fāng fǎ huì shǐ dòng wù fǎn gǎn, zài yǐ hòu de mǒu gè shí qī kě néng huì biàn chéng shāng hài rén de dòng wù.
[00:48.76] wēn róu fǎ yāo qiú zài zuì chū jiē duàn bǎo chí jiào dà de nài xīn,
[00:53.04] dàn zhè zhǒng fāng fǎ kě yǐ xùn liàn chū xìng qíng yú kuài pí qì wēn shùn néng zhōng shí wéi rén fú wù duō nián de dà xiàng.
[01:00.62] xùn xiàng zhōng zuì wéi zhòng yào de shì qíng shì zhǐ pài yī míng zhuān mén de xùn xiàng yuán, quán miàn fù zé zhè xiàng gōng zuò.
[01:11.01] dà xiàng hé gǒu yí yàng, xǐ huān yǒu yí gè zhuān yī de zhǔ rén, ér qiě huì duì zhǔ rén chǎn shēng xiàng dāng shēn hòu de sī rén gǎn qíng.
[01:20.32] shèn zhì yǒu zhè yàng de gù shì:
[01:27.05] xùn liàn le yī bàn de xiǎo xiàng, yóu yú bù kě bì miǎn de qíng kuàng yǔ tā men de zhǔ rén fēn lí hòu, jìng jù jué chī shí, xiāo shòu zhì sǐ.
[01:33.30] zhè zhǒng jí duān dì shì lì suī rán bù kě quán xìn,
[01:38.17] dàn qiáng diào le yī xiàng jī běn yuán zé, xiàng hé xùn xiàng yuán zhī jiān de guān xì shì xùn xiàng chéng gōng yǔ fǒu de guān jiàn.
[01:48.26] bǔ zhuō 15 zhì 20 suì zhī jiān nián líng de dà xiàng jìn xíng xùn liàn zuì wéi jīng jì,
[01:54.97] yīn wèi zhè gè nián líng de xiàng chà bù duō yǐ jīng néng gòu gān zhòng huó, kě yǐ hěn kuài zhēng huí sì yǎng tā de kāi zhī.
[02:02.26] dàn zhè gè nián líng de xiàng bù yì xún fú, yīn cǐ kāi shǐ jiē duàn xū yào yī wèi qiáng yǒu lì de lǎo shǒu.
[02:12.14] bǔ lái de shuān zài shù shàng de dà xiàng,
[02:15.57] měi dāng yǒu rén zǒu jìn tā shí, jiù huì xiàng qián měng chōng bìng fā chū jiān jiào, shèn zhì yī lián jǐ tiān dū yóu yú fèn nù hé kǒng jù ér jù jué jìn shí.
[02:26.03] yǒu shí, bǎ yī tóu yǐ jīng xún fú de xiàng shuān zài páng biān néng gěi yě xiàng yǐ xìn xīn,
[02:32.06] zài dà duō shù qíng kuàng xià, gāng bǔ lái de xiàng huì màn màn jìng xià lái, jiē zhe kāi shǐ chī shí.
[02:39.34] xià yī bù jiù shì bǎ xiàng dài dào xùn liàn chǎng suǒ,
[02:44.06] zhè shì yī jiàn jí shǒu de shì qíng, xū yào zài tā de liǎng cè shuān shàng liǎng tóu xún fú de dà xiàng bāng máng cái néng wán chéng.
[02:52.18] jǐ zhǐ dà xiàng tóng shí xùn liàn shí,
[02:55.54] tōng cháng shì bǎ xīn dào de ān zhì zài liǎng tóu xùn liàn de hěn hǎo de dà xiàng de xiàng jiù zhōng jiān.
[03:04.40] rán hòu gěi tā yǐ chōng zú de shí wù hé shuǐ, yí dìng bú yào jīng rǎo tā,
[03:08.66] yǐ biàn ràng tā néng shì yìng xīn jū de qì fēn, bìng qiě kàn dào zì jǐ de tóng bàn shēn shàng méi yǒu fā shēng ràng zì jǐ dān jīng shòu pà de shì.
[03:17.58] dāng tā jìn shí zhèng cháng le, xùn liàn jiù kāi shǐ le.
[03:21.87] xùn liàn yuán shǒu chí yī gēn yǒu fēng lì de jīn shǔ jiān tóu de zhǎng bàng, zhàn zài xiàng qián.
[03:27.68] liǎng wèi zhù shǒu qí zài xún fú de xiàng de bèi shàng, cóng liǎng cè kòng zhì xīn bǔ de xiàng,
[03:33.62] qí tā rén chàng zhe dān diào de gē qǔ yòng shǒu fǔ mō xiàng de pí fū.
[03:41.04] jù shuō zhè shì wèi le shǐ xiàng chǎn shēng yú yuè de gǎn jué,
[03:45.24] wèi le jiā qiáng zhè zhǒng xiào guǒ, rén men hái àn zhào xiàng de nián líng xìng bié, gěi yǐ qīn qiè de wài hào,
[03:49.76] rú" ā! wǒ de hái zi"" ā! wǒ de bà bà"" ā! wǒ de mā mā".
[03:59.73] rán ér dà xiàng bú huì lì kè bèi zhèi xiē tǎo hǎo de huà gǎn dòng, ér wǎng wǎng shì yòng bí zi cháo gè gè fāng xiàng měng liè dì shuǎi dòng.
[04:09.00] xùn liàn yuán yào yòng yǒu fēng lì jīn shǔ jiān de zhǎng bàng kòng zhì xiàng de zhè zhǒng jǔ dòng,
[04:13.78] xiàng bí zi zuì hòu téng dé juǎn le qǐ lái, yǐ hòu tā jiù hěn shǎo yòng bí zi qù jìn gōng le.