| Another method of observation with intervention is field experiment. What is a field experiment? When an observer controls one or more conditions in a natural setting in order to determine the effect on behaviour, this procedure is called field experiment. The field experiment represents the most extreme form of intervention in observational methods. The essential difference between field experiments and other observational methods is that researchers have more control in field experiments. Now let's take a look at observation without intervention. Observation without intervention is also called naturalistic observation because its main purpose is to describe behaviour as it normally occurs, that is, in a natural setting, without any attempt by the observer to intervene. An observer using this method of observation acts as a passive recorder of what occurs. The events occur naturally and are not controlled by the observer. OK, in today's lecture,we have focused on how to make decisions of sampling before beginning our observation, and what we can do during observation. I hope what we've discussed will help you in your future research design. | |
| 另一种干预性观察的方法是现场实验法。什么是现场实验法呢?观察者为了确定对行为产生的影响，在自然环境中控制着一个或多个条件进行研究,这个过程被称为现场实验。现场实验法是一种有最高级的干预形式的观察法。现场实验法和其他观察方法的根本区别在于研究人员在现场实验中有更多的控制权。现在让我们看看非干预性观察。非干预性观察也称为自然观察,因为它的主要目的是对正常发生的行为进行描述，也就是说,在自然环境中,观察者不需要想办法进行干预。使用这种观察法的观察者作为一个被动的记录员记录所发生的事件。这些事件是自然发生的并且不受观察者操纵。好了,在今天的演讲中,我们主要讨论了如何在开始观察之前决定抽样方法,以及在观察中我们能做什么的问题。我希望这些内容对你们未来的研究设计能有所帮助。 |
| Another method of observation with intervention is field experiment. What is a field experiment? When an observer controls one or more conditions in a natural setting in order to determine the effect on behaviour, this procedure is called field experiment. The field experiment represents the most extreme form of intervention in observational methods. The essential difference between field experiments and other observational methods is that researchers have more control in field experiments. Now let' s take a look at observation without intervention. Observation without intervention is also called naturalistic observation because its main purpose is to describe behaviour as it normally occurs, that is, in a natural setting, without any attempt by the observer to intervene. An observer using this method of observation acts as a passive recorder of what occurs. The events occur naturally and are not controlled by the observer. OK, in today' s lecture, we have focused on how to make decisions of sampling before beginning our observation, and what we can do during observation. I hope what we' ve discussed will help you in your future research design. | |
| ling yi zhong gan yu xing guan cha de fang fa shi xian chang shi yan fa. shen me shi xian chang shi yan fa ne? guan cha zhe wei le que ding dui xing wei chan sheng de ying xiang, zai zi ran huan jing zhong kong zhi zhe yi ge huo duo ge tiao jian jin xing yan jiu, zhe ge guo cheng bei cheng wei xian chang shi yan. xian chang shi yan fa shi yi zhong you zui gao ji de gan yu xing shi de guan cha fa. xian chang shi yan fa he qi ta guan cha fang fa de gen ben qu bie zai yu yan jiu ren yuan zai xian chang shi yan zhong you geng duo de kong zhi quan. xian zai rang wo men kan kan fei gan yu xing guan cha. fei gan yu xing guan cha ye cheng wei zi ran guan cha, yin wei ta de zhu yao mu di shi dui zheng chang fa sheng de xing wei jin xing miao shu, ye jiu shi shuo, zai zi ran huan jing zhong, guan cha zhe bu xu yao xiang ban fa jin xing gan yu. shi yong zhe zhong guan cha fa de guan cha zhe zuo wei yi ge bei dong de ji lu yuan ji lu suo fa sheng de shi jian. zhei xie shi jian shi zi ran fa sheng de bing qie bu shou guan cha zhe cao zong. hao le, zai jin tian de yan jiang zhong, wo men zhu yao tao lun liao ru he zai kai shi guan cha zhi qian jue ding chou yang fang fa, yi ji zai guan cha zhong wo men neng zuo shi mo de wen ti. wo xi wang zhei xie nei rong dui ni men wei lai de yan jiu she ji neng you suo bang zhu. |
| Another method of observation with intervention is field experiment. What is a field experiment? When an observer controls one or more conditions in a natural setting in order to determine the effect on behaviour, this procedure is called field experiment. The field experiment represents the most extreme form of intervention in observational methods. The essential difference between field experiments and other observational methods is that researchers have more control in field experiments. Now let' s take a look at observation without intervention. Observation without intervention is also called naturalistic observation because its main purpose is to describe behaviour as it normally occurs, that is, in a natural setting, without any attempt by the observer to intervene. An observer using this method of observation acts as a passive recorder of what occurs. The events occur naturally and are not controlled by the observer. OK, in today' s lecture, we have focused on how to make decisions of sampling before beginning our observation, and what we can do during observation. I hope what we' ve discussed will help you in your future research design. | |
| lìng yī zhǒng gàn yù xìng guān chá de fāng fǎ shì xiàn chǎng shí yàn fǎ. shén me shì xiàn chǎng shí yàn fǎ ne? guān chá zhě wèi le què dìng duì xíng wéi chǎn shēng de yǐng xiǎng, zài zì rán huán jìng zhōng kòng zhì zhe yí gè huò duō gè tiáo jiàn jìn xíng yán jiū, zhè gè guò chéng bèi chēng wéi xiàn chǎng shí yàn. xiàn chǎng shí yàn fǎ shì yī zhǒng yǒu zuì gāo jí de gàn yù xíng shì de guān chá fǎ. xiàn chǎng shí yàn fǎ hé qí tā guān chá fāng fǎ de gēn běn qū bié zài yú yán jiū rén yuán zài xiàn chǎng shí yàn zhōng yǒu gèng duō de kòng zhì quán. xiàn zài ràng wǒ men kàn kàn fēi gàn yù xìng guān chá. fēi gàn yù xìng guān chá yě chēng wéi zì rán guān chá, yīn wèi tā de zhǔ yào mù dì shì duì zhèng cháng fā shēng de xíng wéi jìn xíng miáo shù, yě jiù shì shuō, zài zì rán huán jìng zhōng, guān chá zhě bù xū yào xiǎng bàn fǎ jìn xíng gàn yù. shǐ yòng zhè zhǒng guān chá fǎ de guān chá zhě zuò wéi yí gè bèi dòng de jì lù yuán jì lù suǒ fā shēng de shì jiàn. zhèi xiē shì jiàn shì zì rán fā shēng de bìng qiě bù shòu guān chá zhě cāo zòng. hǎo le, zài jīn tiān de yǎn jiǎng zhōng, wǒ men zhǔ yào tǎo lùn liǎo rú hé zài kāi shǐ guān chá zhī qián jué dìng chōu yàng fāng fǎ, yǐ jí zài guān chá zhōng wǒ men néng zuò shí mǒ de wèn tí. wǒ xī wàng zhèi xiē nèi róng duì nǐ men wèi lái de yán jiū shè jì néng yǒu suǒ bāng zhù. |
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